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CVE-2023-53501

4.7 · MEDIUM

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/amd/iommu_v2: Fix pasid_state refcount dec hit 0 warning on pasid unbind When unbinding pasid - a race condition exists v…

Published Oct 1, 2025EPSS 0.15%

Overview

CVE-2023-53501 is a medium-severity vulnerability. It was published on October 1, 2025 and has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.7 (MEDIUM).

This vulnerability has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.7, rated MEDIUM. It requires local or adjacent network access to exploit. Some level of privileges is required for exploitation.

Technical description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

iommu/amd/iommu_v2: Fix pasid_state refcount dec hit 0 warning on pasid unbind

When unbinding pasid - a race condition exists vs outstanding page faults.

To prevent this, the pasid_state object contains a refcount.

* set to 1 on pasid bind

* incremented on each ppr notification start

* decremented on each ppr notification done

* decremented on pasid unbind

Since refcount_dec assumes that refcount will never reach 0:

the current implementation causes the following to be invoked on

pasid unbind:

REFCOUNT_WARN("decrement hit 0; leaking memory")

Fix this issue by changing refcount_dec to refcount_dec_and_test

to explicitly handle refcount=1.

Remediation

Check the references section for vendor advisories, patches, and mitigation guidance. If immediate patching is not possible, review the CVSS vector to understand the attack surface and apply compensating controls such as network segmentation or access restrictions.

References

Refgit.kernel.org/stable/c/13ed255248dfbbb7f23f9170c7a537fb9ca22c73Refgit.kernel.org/stable/c/534103bcd52ca9c1fecbc70e717b4a538dc4ded8Refgit.kernel.org/stable/c/98d86bf32187db27946ca817c2467a5f2f7aa02fRefgit.kernel.org/stable/c/9ccc51be3126b25cfe9351dbffde946c925cc28aRefgit.kernel.org/stable/c/a50d60b8f2aff46dd7c7edb4a5835cdc4d432c22

How CyberStrike helps

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2023-53501?

CVE-2023-53501 is a medium-severity vulnerability. It was published on October 1, 2025 and has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.7 (MEDIUM).

How severe is CVE-2023-53501?

This vulnerability has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.7, rated MEDIUM. It requires local or adjacent network access to exploit. Some level of privileges is required for exploitation.

How do I fix or remediate CVE-2023-53501?

Check the references section for vendor advisories, patches, and mitigation guidance. If immediate patching is not possible, review the CVSS vector to understand the attack surface and apply compensating controls such as network segmentation or access restrictions.

How can CyberStrike help with CVE-2023-53501?

CyberStrike is an open-source, AI-augmented pentesting engine. Rather than flag a version number, it tests whether an issue like CVE-2023-53501 is actually reachable in your own applications and APIs, then verifies each finding before reporting it. That tells you if the weakness is a real, exploitable risk in your environment or a false positive you can safely deprioritize.

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