CVE-2025-54812

/// Technical description

Improper Output Neutralization for Logs vulnerability in Apache Log4cxx.

When using HTMLLayout, logger names are not properly escaped when writing out to the HTML file.

If untrusted data is used to retrieve the name of a logger, an attacker could theoretically inject HTML or Javascript in order to hide information from logs or steal data from the user.

In order to activate this, the following sequence must occur:

* Log4cxx is configured to use HTMLLayout.

* Logger name comes from an untrusted string

* Logger with compromised name logs a message

* User opens the generated HTML log file in their browser, leading to potential XSS

Because logger names are generally constant strings, we assess the impact to users as LOW

This issue affects Apache Log4cxx: before 1.5.0.

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.5.0, which fixes the issue.

/// Remediation

Check the references section for vendor advisories, patches, and mitigation guidance. If immediate patching is not possible, review the CVSS vector to understand the attack surface and apply compensating controls such as network segmentation or access restrictions.

/// References