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CVE-2025-66409

9.1 · CRITICAL

ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework.

Published Dec 2, 2025CWE-125EPSS 0.63%

Overview

CVE-2025-66409 is a critical-severity vulnerability. It was published on December 2, 2025 and has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.1 (CRITICAL).

This vulnerability has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.1, rated CRITICAL. It can be exploited remotely over the network. No authentication or special privileges are required for exploitation.

Technical description

ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In 5.5.1, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, 5.1.6, and earlier, when AVRCP is enabled on ESP32, receiving a malformed VENDOR DEPENDENT command from a peer device can cause the Bluetooth stack to access memory before validating the command buffer length. This may lead to an out-of-bounds read, potentially exposing unintended memory content or causing unexpected behavior.

Remediation

Check the references section for vendor advisories, patches, and mitigation guidance. If immediate patching is not possible, review the CVSS vector to understand the attack surface and apply compensating controls such as network segmentation or access restrictions.

References

GitHubgithub.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/075ed218cadb8088155521cd8a795d8a626519fbGitHubgithub.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/2f788e59ee361eee230879ae2ec9cf5c893fe372GitHubgithub.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/798029129a71c802cff0e75eb59f902bca8f1946GitHubgithub.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/999710fccf95ae128fe51b5679d6b7c75c50d902GitHubgithub.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/d5db5f60fc1dcfdd8cd3ee898fdefaa272988aceGitHubgithub.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/daeeba230327176b9627b1caa94acdc54065c4b7GitHubgithub.com/espressif/esp-idf/security/advisories/GHSA-qhf9-vr2h-jh96

How CyberStrike helps

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-66409?

CVE-2025-66409 is a critical-severity vulnerability. It was published on December 2, 2025 and has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.1 (CRITICAL).

How severe is CVE-2025-66409?

This vulnerability has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.1, rated CRITICAL. It can be exploited remotely over the network. No authentication or special privileges are required for exploitation.

How do I fix or remediate CVE-2025-66409?

Check the references section for vendor advisories, patches, and mitigation guidance. If immediate patching is not possible, review the CVSS vector to understand the attack surface and apply compensating controls such as network segmentation or access restrictions.

How can CyberStrike help with CVE-2025-66409?

CyberStrike is an open-source, AI-augmented pentesting engine. Rather than flag a version number, it tests whether an issue like CVE-2025-66409 is actually reachable in your own applications and APIs, then verifies each finding before reporting it. That tells you if the weakness is a real, exploitable risk in your environment or a false positive you can safely deprioritize.

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